Proceedings of the 3rd International Colloquium on Interdisciplinary Islamic Studies, ICIIS 2020, 20-21 October 2020, Jakarta, Indonesia

Research Article

The Rise and Fall of Ottoman Empire and How It Fits Ibnu Khaldun’s Theory

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  • @INPROCEEDINGS{10.4108/eai.20-10-2020.2305158,
        author={Mohammad Izdiyan Muttaqin and Azyumardi  Azra and Didin  Saepudin and Fuad  Jabali and Amany  Lubis and Zainun Kamaluddin Fakih},
        title={The Rise and Fall of Ottoman Empire and How It Fits Ibnu Khaldun’s Theory},
        proceedings={Proceedings of the 3rd International Colloquium on Interdisciplinary Islamic Studies, ICIIS 2020, 20-21 October 2020, Jakarta, Indonesia},
        publisher={EAI},
        proceedings_a={ICIIS},
        year={2021},
        month={4},
        keywords={ottoman empire ibnu khaldun},
        doi={10.4108/eai.20-10-2020.2305158}
    }
    
  • Mohammad Izdiyan Muttaqin
    Azyumardi Azra
    Didin Saepudin
    Fuad Jabali
    Amany Lubis
    Zainun Kamaluddin Fakih
    Year: 2021
    The Rise and Fall of Ottoman Empire and How It Fits Ibnu Khaldun’s Theory
    ICIIS
    EAI
    DOI: 10.4108/eai.20-10-2020.2305158
Mohammad Izdiyan Muttaqin1,*, Azyumardi Azra1, Didin Saepudin1, Fuad Jabali1, Amany Lubis1, Zainun Kamaluddin Fakih1
  • 1: Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University of Jakarta, Indonesia
*Contact email: moh.izdiyan@uinjkt.ac.id

Abstract

In this article the author wants to discuss the development of the Ottoman Empire and its compatibility with the theory of the 5 phases of a country's development by Ibnu Khaldun, the first phase, namely the formation phase, the second phase, namely the phase of maintaining power and eliminating rivals, the third phase, namely the phase of achieving glory and collecting wealth, the fourth phase namely the phase of imitating the footsteps of the past rulers, and the fifth phase is the phase of immersing in pleasure and destroying what the past rulers built. The writer found that there is a match between the theory of Ibn Khaldun and the development of the Ottoman Turks. Even though the Ottoman Turks were successful in doing a lot of reforms, so they retreated from phase four to phase three, by making reforms that their predecessors had never done. This study answered the question of British historian Malcolm Yapp (1988) who asked why the Ottoman Turks were able to survive so long. The author also supports Yapp's statement, against many western orientalists that the phrase “The Sickman of Europe” which was associated with the Ottoman Turks is only the imagination of Western orientalists and historians because in reality in the 18th and 19th centuries the Ottoman Turks were doing reform and the Ottoman Empire were still a strong state.