The Sunda Strait tsunami, Indonesia: learning from the similar events in the past

The Sunda Strait tsunami in Indonesia that occurred on 22 December 2018, generated in 437 total deaths, 16 missing victims, 14,059 injured, and 33,721 displaced people. The number of casualties from this disaster is due to the government's attention in the natural disaster mitigation field is weak. One of the efforts that must be developed by the government is the researches on disaster mitigation. The Sunda Strait tsunami was caused by the eruption of Anak Krakatau volcano followed by an underwater landslide. This natural disaster has similar characteristics from past natural disasters such as the tsunami at Complex Fjords, Norway (1934) and the tsunami at Stromboli volcano, Italy (2002). This paper is to review similar disasters to the Sunda Strait tsunami with the approaches to the process of disasters occur and the disaster mitigation efforts. The process of the Sunda Strait tsunami was began with the collapse of volcaniclastic material into the caldera as deep as 250 m in the southwest of the volcano. It produced tsunamis with a runup of up to 13 m on the coasts adjacent to Sumatra and Java. Some suggested mitigations include; the stakeholders create Quaternary maps of Anak Krakatau volcano with a more detailed scale, and the stakeholders install real-time monitoring. These approaches will be used to be suggested for future research in Indonesia regarding the activities of Anak Krakatau volcano.